Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or. Here we will explain what cancer is and how its treated. Pdf this chapter on tumor genesis begins with a description of the normal structure of cells and tissues, followed by a discussion of normal process. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of cells. Much more serious are malignant tumours, which invade the surrounding body tissues. It is common but highly treatable in the early stages. When cells divide, they make exact copies of themselves. Mutations happen when the cell duplicates its dna prior to cell division and makes mistakes. When cells are damaged, they can start growing in a way that is not normal. Cancer that starts in bloodforming tissue such as the. Some types of cancer, called leukaemia, start from blood cells. Instead, the cancer cells build up in the blood and sometimes the bone marrow. In fact, more people than ever before lead full lives after cancer treatment. Breast cancers can start from different parts of thebreast.
Atypical teratoidrhabdoid tumor, childhood, central nervous system brain cancer basal cell carcinoma of the skin see skin cancer. One cell divides into 2 identical cells, then 2 cells divide into 4, and so on. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide 1. Webmd provides an alphabetical list of various types of cancer from adenoid cystic carcinoma to xeroderma pigmentosu. It starts when cells grow out of control and crowd out normal cells. Learn more about the symptoms, treatments, and causes here.
How cancer starts, grows and spreads canadian cancer society. Basal cell carcinoma also known as basalioma or basal cell cancer bcc is the most common, and the 5th expensive cancer type to cure, making about 90% of. Webmd does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Voiceover cancer starts when a healthy cell becomes damaged, and starts to multiply out of control. Pdf on jan 19, 2020, meena kumari and others published cancer notes.
Archived from the original pdf on 4 september 2011. Cancer, how cancer starts, how cancer spreads, where and why, animation. When a small fraction of these cells are transferred to a new petridish, they start to divide again and so on a process called passaging. This makes it hard for the body to work the way it should. Some start in the glands that make breast milk lobular cancers. For a cancer to start, certain changes take place within the genes of a cell or a group of cells.
The cell checks whether everything is okay with the dna. When genes work properly, they tell cells when it is the right time to grow and divide. But studies suggest that simple lifestyle changes, such as following a healthy diet. Mutations happen when the cell duplicates its dna prior to. A to z list of cancer types national cancer institute.
The uncontrolled cells will form a lump called a tumour, or they travel inside the blood. Most breast cancers begin in the ducts that carry milk to the nipple ductalcancers. Pdf theory of cancer and cancer progression researchgate. Bone cancer includes ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma childhood breast cancer see unusual. Thereare also other types of breast cancer that are less common. Normally, human cells grow and divide to form new cells as the body needs them. Benign tumours are localised growths they only cause problems if they put pressure on nearby tissues, such as the brain. Cancer management starts from the moment the patients diagnosis of cancer is confirmed. How cancer spreads the university of texas at dallas. Cancer can start when just one of them begins to grow and multiply too much. Childhood bladder cancer see unusual cancers of childhood.
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